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WWW.MY-SUBS.COM
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What is the cost of lies?
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Who is to blame?
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It doesn't matter.
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It doesn't look right.
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We taste metal.
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I think there's graphite on the ground.
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You didn't see graphite.
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You didn't because it's not there!
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We seal off the city. Contain
the spread of misinformation.
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Secretary Gorbachev has
appointed a committee
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to manage the accident. You're on it.
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- Synced and corrected by VitoSilans -
-- www.MY-SUBS.com --
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You know,
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I believe that the Russia we fight for
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is not the dull town
where I lived at a loss...
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...but those country tracks
that our ancestors followed,
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the graves where they lie,
with the old Russian cross.
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By old Russian practice,
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mere fire and destruction
are all we abandon behind us in war.
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We see alongside us
the deaths of our comrades...
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...by old Russian practice,
the breast to the fore.
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Till now we've been spared
by the bullets.
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But when, for the third time,
my life seemed to end,
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I yet still felt proud
of the dearest of countries,
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the great bitter land
I was born to defend...
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You work too hard.
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- Where is everyone?
- Oh, they refused to come in.
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- Why?
- It's Saturday.
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- Why did you come in?
- I work too hard.
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It's boiling in here.
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Eight milliroentgen. A leak?
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No.
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It would've gone off before.
It's coming from outside.
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The Americans?
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Iodine 131.
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It's not military. It's
uranium decay, U-235.
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Reactor fuel?
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Ignalina. Maybe, uh,
240 kilometers away.
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Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk
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with the Institute of Nuclear En...
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Looking for...?
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- All right, stay calm.
- Don't tell me to stay calm.
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They're at four. It's not them.
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- Who's the next closest?
- It's Chernobyl, but that's not possible.
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They're 400 kilometers away.
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That's too far for eight milliroentgen.
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They'd have to be split open.
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Maybe they know something.
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- Iodine.
- Could it be a waste dump?
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No.
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We'd be seeing other isotopes.
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Nuclear test? Uh, new kind of bomb?
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We'd have heard. That's what
half our people work on here.
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Something with the space
program like a satellite or...?
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No one's answering the phone.
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- Get everyone started on an IV.
- We don't have enough.
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- All the children then.
- But we don't have enough!
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As many as you can.
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- Where's the old man?
- He's set up a burn ward in 16.
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What are you doing? What is that?
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Milk. It's milk. Much better than water.
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No, no, no. Stop. Stop!
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- What are you doing?
- These are radiation burns!
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Their clothes are contaminated!
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Help me!
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Get it all off.
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We're taking it down to the basement.
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He was a firefighter from Chernobyl.
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Can you stop pushing, please?
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We have our orders!
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- Disperse!
- Hey, there! Get him!
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Why you keeping us out here?
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Professor Legasov?
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Oh, no, not yet.
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They're finishing up some other
business. It'll be a few more minutes.
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- Can I get you some tea?
- No, I'm fine. Thank you.
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Would you care to read Deputy Chairman
Shcherbina's report while you wait?
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Certainly. Thank you.
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All right, Professor. They're ready.
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Professor Legasov?
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You have my support.
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Thank you all for your
duty to this commission.
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We will begin with Deputy
Chairman Shcherbina's briefing,
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and then we will discuss
next steps if necessary.
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Thank you, comrade General Secretary.
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I'm pleased to report that the
situation in Chernobyl is stable.
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Military and civilian patrols
have secured the region,
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and Colonel General Pikalov,
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who commands troops
specializing in chemical hazards,
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has been dispatched to the plant.
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In terms of radiation,
plant director Bryukhanov
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reports no more than 3.6 roentgen.
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I'm told it's the
equivalent of a chest X-ray.
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So if you're overdue for a check-up...
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- And foreign press?
- Totally unaware.
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KGB First Deputy Chairman
Charkov assures me
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that we have successfully
protected our security interests.
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Good. Very good.
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Well, it seems like
it's well in hand, so...
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if there's nothing
else, meeting adjourned.
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No!
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Pardon me?
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Uh, we can't adjourn.
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This is Professor Legasov
of the Kurchatov Institute.
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Professor, if you have any concerns,
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feel free to address them with me later.
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I can't. I am sorry. I'm so sorry.
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Page three, the section on casualties.
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Uh...
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"A fireman was severely
burned on his hand
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by a chunk of smooth, black mineral
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on the ground, outside
the reactor building."
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Smooth, black mineral... graphite.
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There's-There's graphite on the ground.
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Well, there was a... a tank
explosion. There's debris.
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- Of what importance...?
- There's only one place in the entire facility
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where you will find
graphite: inside the core.
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If there's graphite
on the ground outside,
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it means it wasn't a control
system tank that exploded.
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- It was the reactor core.
- It's open!
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Um, Comrade Shcherbina?
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Comrade General
Secretary, I can assure you
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that Professor Legasov is mistaken.
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Bryukhanov reports that
the reactor core is intact.
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- And as for the radiation...
- Yes, 3.6 roentgen,
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which, by the way, is not the
equivalent of one chest X-ray,
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but rather 400 chest X-rays.
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That number's been bothering me
for a different reason, though.
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It's also the maximum reading
on low-limit dosimeters.
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They gave us the number they had.
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I think the true number
is much, much higher.
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If I'm right, this fireman
was holding the equivalent
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of four million chest
X-rays in his hand.
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Professor Legasov, there's no
place for alarmist hysteria...
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It's not alarmist if it's a fact!
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Well, I don't hear any facts at all.
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All I hear is a man I don't know
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engaging in conjecture
in direct contradiction
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to what has been reported
by party officials.
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I'm, uh... I apologize.
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I didn't mean, uh...
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Please, may I express my concern
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as calmly and as respectfully as I...
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- Professor Legasov...
- Boris.
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I will allow it.
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Um...
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An RBMK reactor
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uses uranium 235 as fuel.
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Every atom of U-235 is like a bullet
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traveling at nearly the speed of light,
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penetrating everything in its path:
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woods, metal, concrete, flesh.
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Every gram of U-235 holds
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over a billion trillion
of these bullets.
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That's in one gram.
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Now, Chernobyl holds
over three million grams,
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and right now, it is on fire.
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Winds will carry radioactive
particles across the entire continent,
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rain will bring them down on us.
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That's three million
billion trillion bullets
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in the... in the air we breathe,
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the water we drink, the food we eat.
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Most of these bullets will
not stop firing for 100 years.
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Some of them, not for 50,000 years.
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Yes, and, uh, this concern
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stems entirely from the
description of a rock?
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Yes.
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Hmm.
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Comrade Shcherbina...
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I want you to go to Chernobyl.
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You take a look at the
reactor, you personally,
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and you report directly back to me.
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A wise decision, comrade
General Secretary...
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And take Professor Legasov with you.
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Uh...
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Forgive me, comrade
General Secretary, but I...
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Do you know how a nuclear reactor works?
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- No.
- No.
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Well, then how will you
know what you're looking at?
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Meeting adjourned.
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How does a nuclear reactor work?
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- What?
- It's a simple question.
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It's hardly a simple answer.
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Of course, you presume I'm
too stupid to understand.
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So I'll restate: Tell me
how a nuclear reactor works,
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or I'll have one of these soldiers
throw you out of the helicopter.
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A nuclear reactor makes
electricity with steam.
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The steam turns a turbine
which generates electricity.
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Where a typical power plant
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makes steam by burning coal,
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a nuclear plant...
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00:16:19,795 --> 00:16:24,467
In a nuclear plant, we use
something called fission.
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We take an unstable
element like uranium 235,
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which has too many neutrons.
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- A neutron is, uh...
- The bullet.
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00:16:37,229 --> 00:16:39,023
Yes, the bullet.
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00:16:40,024 --> 00:16:42,818
So, bullets are flying
off of the uranium.
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00:16:42,943 --> 00:16:44,236
Now...
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00:16:44,361 --> 00:16:49,158
if we put enough uranium
atoms close together,
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the bullets from one atom will
eventually strike another atom.
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00:16:53,746 --> 00:16:56,749
The force of this impact
splits that atom apart,
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00:16:56,874 --> 00:17:00,252
releasing a tremendous
amount of energy, fission.
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00:17:00,377 --> 00:17:02,963
- And the graphite?
- Ah, yes.
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00:17:03,088 --> 00:17:06,926
The neutrons are actually traveling
so fast... we call this "flux"...
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00:17:07,051 --> 00:17:11,805
it's relatively unlikely that the
uranium atoms will ever hit one another.
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00:17:11,931 --> 00:17:16,852
In RBMK reactors, we surround
the fuel rods with graphite
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00:17:16,977 --> 00:17:21,982
to moderate, slow
down, the neutron flux.
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00:17:25,194 --> 00:17:26,862
Good.
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00:17:26,987 --> 00:17:30,032
I know how a nuclear reactor works.
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Now I don't need you.
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00:17:52,638 --> 00:17:56,183
- Can you help me? I need to find my husband.
- No. Not now.
212
00:18:00,187 --> 00:18:01,647
- Mikhail!
- Lyudmilla.
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00:18:01,772 --> 00:18:03,357
Take her.
214
00:18:03,482 --> 00:18:05,234
Take her away from here, please.
215
00:18:05,359 --> 00:18:07,945
- Get away from them! You want to get sick? Go!
- Oh my God.
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00:18:08,070 --> 00:18:09,363
Please take her, please take her.
217
00:18:09,488 --> 00:18:11,198
Please take her, please.
218
00:18:11,323 --> 00:18:13,659
Please! Please!
219
00:18:13,784 --> 00:18:15,411
Please take her!
220
00:18:20,791 --> 00:18:23,502
Excuse me, I am Vasily Ignatenko's wife.
221
00:18:23,627 --> 00:18:26,839
He's a fireman. Ignatenko.
222
00:18:26,964 --> 00:18:30,467
Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary
Fire and Rescue Unit.
223
00:18:30,593 --> 00:18:33,429
I need to find him. Please.
224
00:18:36,682 --> 00:18:38,267
Ignatenko...
225
00:18:38,392 --> 00:18:40,686
He's being transported
by helicopter to Moscow.
226
00:18:40,811 --> 00:18:42,605
Hospital number six.
227
00:18:42,730 --> 00:18:44,815
Why, is he all right? Can I see him?
228
00:18:44,940 --> 00:18:46,442
You want to see him? Go to Moscow.
229
00:18:46,567 --> 00:18:48,694
But they're not letting us leave here.
230
00:18:51,322 --> 00:18:53,532
Tell them Major Burov allows it.
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00:18:55,200 --> 00:18:58,162
- Oh. When are they taking him?
- Now.
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00:19:29,109 --> 00:19:31,028
We're approaching the power plant.
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00:19:36,992 --> 00:19:38,869
What have they done?
234
00:19:39,995 --> 00:19:41,538
Can you see inside?
235
00:19:41,664 --> 00:19:44,917
I don't have to. Look.
236
00:19:45,042 --> 00:19:46,919
That's graphite on the roof.
237
00:19:47,044 --> 00:19:49,254
The whole building's been blown open.
238
00:19:49,380 --> 00:19:50,714
The core's exposed!
239
00:19:50,839 --> 00:19:52,591
I can't see how you
can tell that from here.
240
00:19:52,716 --> 00:19:53,842
Oh, for God's sakes.
241
00:19:53,967 --> 00:19:55,594
Look at that glow!
242
00:19:55,719 --> 00:19:58,222
That's radiation ionizing the air!
243
00:19:58,347 --> 00:20:00,057
Well, if we can't see, we don't know.
244
00:20:00,182 --> 00:20:01,809
Get us directly over the building!
245
00:20:01,934 --> 00:20:03,060
- Boris, if we fly...
- Don't you use my name!
246
00:20:03,185 --> 00:20:05,813
...directly over an open reactor,
we'll be dead within a week!
247
00:20:05,938 --> 00:20:07,314
Dead!
248
00:20:08,524 --> 00:20:09,566
Sir?
249
00:20:09,692 --> 00:20:12,695
Get us over that building,
or I'll have you shot!
250
00:20:16,448 --> 00:20:18,450
If you fly directly over
that core, I promise you,
251
00:20:18,575 --> 00:20:21,328
by tomorrow morning, you'll
be begging for that bullet.
252
00:21:09,293 --> 00:21:11,462
Perhaps if you came back another day.
253
00:21:16,508 --> 00:21:18,844
Just wonderful.
254
00:21:18,969 --> 00:21:21,346
Deputy Secretary Garanin.
255
00:21:21,472 --> 00:21:25,601
Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
256
00:21:25,726 --> 00:21:27,019
What a pleasure.
257
00:21:27,144 --> 00:21:29,897
- Let me introduce...
- I'm here about Chernobyl.
258
00:21:31,899 --> 00:21:33,275
Such a lovely time.
259
00:21:33,400 --> 00:21:36,862
- Visit again soon.
- I will. Thank you.
260
00:21:48,999 --> 00:21:52,044
I must tell you, this is
why no one likes scientists.
261
00:21:52,169 --> 00:21:54,755
When we have a disease
to cure, where are they?
262
00:21:54,880 --> 00:21:58,342
In a lab, noses in their
books, and so Grandma dies.
263
00:21:58,467 --> 00:21:59,718
But when there isn't a problem,
264
00:21:59,843 --> 00:22:01,470
they're everywhere, spreading fear.
265
00:22:01,595 --> 00:22:03,931
- I know about Chernobyl.
- Oh?
266
00:22:04,056 --> 00:22:06,892
I know that the core is either
partially or completely exposed.
267
00:22:07,017 --> 00:22:09,394
- Whatever that means.
- And that if you don't immediately
268
00:22:09,520 --> 00:22:12,231
issue iodine tablets and
then evacuate this city,
269
00:22:12,356 --> 00:22:14,942
hundreds of thousands of
people are going to get cancer,
270
00:22:15,067 --> 00:22:17,152
and God knows how many more will die.
271
00:22:17,277 --> 00:22:18,904
Yes, very good.
272
00:22:19,029 --> 00:22:21,281
There has been an accident at Chernobyl,
273
00:22:21,406 --> 00:22:23,492
but I've been assured
there is no problem.
274
00:22:23,617 --> 00:22:25,494
I'm telling you that there is.
275
00:22:25,619 --> 00:22:27,579
I prefer my opinion to yours.
276
00:22:27,704 --> 00:22:30,874
I'm a nuclear physicist.
277
00:22:30,999 --> 00:22:32,543
Before you were Deputy Secretary,
278
00:22:32,668 --> 00:22:34,336
you worked in a shoe factory.
279
00:22:35,462 --> 00:22:39,842
Yes, I worked in a shoe factory.
280
00:22:39,967 --> 00:22:42,094
And now I'm in charge.
281
00:22:44,388 --> 00:22:47,224
"To the workers of the world."
282
00:23:08,912 --> 00:23:11,415
Stable iodine will keep your thyroid
283
00:23:11,540 --> 00:23:13,959
from absorbing radioactive iodine.
284
00:23:15,085 --> 00:23:17,880
Take one a day for as long as they last.
285
00:23:18,005 --> 00:23:19,631
And go east.
286
00:23:19,756 --> 00:23:22,217
Get as far from Minsk as you can.
287
00:23:55,792 --> 00:23:57,419
It's overkill.
288
00:23:57,544 --> 00:23:59,421
Pikalov's showing off
to make us look bad.
289
00:23:59,546 --> 00:24:02,549
It doesn't matter how it looks.
290
00:24:02,674 --> 00:24:04,927
Shcherbina is a pure bureaucrat,
291
00:24:05,052 --> 00:24:07,012
as stupid as he is pigheaded.
292
00:24:07,137 --> 00:24:09,473
We'll tell him the truth in
the simplest terms possible.
293
00:24:09,598 --> 00:24:11,266
We'll be fine.
294
00:24:14,811 --> 00:24:16,355
Pikarov!
295
00:24:41,672 --> 00:24:44,508
Comrade Shcherbina,
Chief Engineer Fomin,
296
00:24:44,633 --> 00:24:46,635
Colonel General Pikalov, and I
297
00:24:46,760 --> 00:24:47,886
are honored at your arrival.
298
00:24:48,011 --> 00:24:49,221
Deeply, deeply honored.
299
00:24:49,346 --> 00:24:52,265
Naturally, we regret the
circumstances of your visit,
300
00:24:52,391 --> 00:24:54,518
but, as you can see, we are
making excellent progress
301
00:24:54,643 --> 00:24:56,144
in containing the damage.
302
00:24:56,269 --> 00:25:01,400
We have begun our own inquiry
into the cause of the accident,
303
00:25:01,525 --> 00:25:04,486
and I have a list of individuals
304
00:25:04,611 --> 00:25:07,322
who we believe are accountable.
305
00:25:29,136 --> 00:25:31,138
Professor Legasov, I understand
306
00:25:31,263 --> 00:25:33,390
you've been saying dangerous things.
307
00:25:33,515 --> 00:25:35,183
Very dangerous things.
308
00:25:35,308 --> 00:25:38,186
Apparently, our reactor core exploded.
309
00:25:38,311 --> 00:25:42,566
Please, tell me how an
RBMK reactor core explodes.
310
00:25:44,443 --> 00:25:46,778
I'm not prepared to
explain it at this time.
311
00:25:46,903 --> 00:25:49,698
As I presumed, he has no answer.
312
00:25:49,823 --> 00:25:52,367
It's disgraceful, really.
313
00:25:52,492 --> 00:25:55,912
To spread disinformation
at a time like this.
314
00:26:01,918 --> 00:26:04,713
Why did I see graphite on the roof?
315
00:26:04,838 --> 00:26:06,798
Graphite is only found in the core,
316
00:26:06,923 --> 00:26:10,385
where it's used as a
neutron flux moderator.
317
00:26:10,510 --> 00:26:12,721
Correct?
318
00:26:12,846 --> 00:26:16,308
Fomin, why did the Deputy
Chairman see graphite on the roof?
319
00:26:17,559 --> 00:26:20,103
Well, that... that can't be.
320
00:26:20,228 --> 00:26:22,856
Comrade Shcherbina, my
apologies, but graphite...
321
00:26:22,981 --> 00:26:24,149
that's not possible.
322
00:26:24,274 --> 00:26:26,318
Perhaps you saw burnt concrete.
323
00:26:26,443 --> 00:26:28,361
Now there you made a mistake,
324
00:26:28,487 --> 00:26:31,073
because I may not know
much about nuclear reactors,
325
00:26:31,198 --> 00:26:32,741
but I know a lot about concrete.
326
00:26:33,658 --> 00:26:36,078
- Comrade, I assure you...
- I understand.
327
00:26:36,995 --> 00:26:39,539
You think Legasov is wrong.
328
00:26:39,664 --> 00:26:41,583
How shall we prove it?
329
00:26:42,918 --> 00:26:46,129
Our high-range dosimeter just arrived.
330
00:26:46,254 --> 00:26:49,174
We could cover one of our
trucks with lead shielding,
331
00:26:49,299 --> 00:26:51,635
mount the dosimeter on the front.
332
00:26:57,432 --> 00:27:00,602
Have one of your men get as
close to the fire as he can.
333
00:27:00,727 --> 00:27:02,354
Give him every bit of
protection you have.
334
00:27:02,479 --> 00:27:04,731
But understand that
even with lead shielding,
335
00:27:04,856 --> 00:27:06,858
it may not be enough.
336
00:27:08,693 --> 00:27:10,487
Then I'll do it myself.
337
00:27:15,242 --> 00:27:17,077
Good.
338
00:29:14,861 --> 00:29:16,696
He's back.
339
00:29:45,725 --> 00:29:47,894
It's not three roentgen.
340
00:29:48,019 --> 00:29:49,729
It's 15,000.
341
00:29:49,854 --> 00:29:52,482
Comrade Shcherbina...
342
00:29:52,607 --> 00:29:54,067
What does that number mean?
343
00:29:54,192 --> 00:29:56,403
It means the core is open.
344
00:29:56,528 --> 00:29:58,822
It means the fire we're
watching with our own eyes
345
00:29:58,947 --> 00:30:00,407
is giving off nearly twice the radiation
346
00:30:00,532 --> 00:30:02,367
released by the bomb in Hiroshima.
347
00:30:02,492 --> 00:30:04,202
And that's every single hour.
348
00:30:04,327 --> 00:30:07,205
Hour after hour, 20
hours since the explosion,
349
00:30:07,330 --> 00:30:09,040
so 40 bombs worth by now.
350
00:30:09,165 --> 00:30:10,500
Forty-eight more tomorrow.
351
00:30:10,625 --> 00:30:13,211
And it will not stop. Not
in a week, not in a month.
352
00:30:13,336 --> 00:30:14,879
It will burn and spread its poison
353
00:30:15,005 --> 00:30:17,632
until the entire continent is dead.
354
00:30:20,760 --> 00:30:23,096
Please escort Comrades
Bryukhanov and Fomin
355
00:30:23,221 --> 00:30:25,015
to the local party headquarters.
356
00:30:25,140 --> 00:30:27,017
- Thank you for your service.
- Comrade...
357
00:30:27,142 --> 00:30:29,311
You're excused.
358
00:30:29,436 --> 00:30:32,063
Dyatlov was in charge.
359
00:30:32,188 --> 00:30:34,065
It was Dyatlov!
360
00:30:34,190 --> 00:30:36,776
- Tell me how to put it out.
- We'll use helicopters.
361
00:30:36,901 --> 00:30:39,779
- We'll drop water on it like a forest fire.
- No, no. You don't understand.
362
00:30:39,904 --> 00:30:41,990
This isn't a fire.
363
00:30:42,115 --> 00:30:44,159
This is a fissioning reactor core
364
00:30:44,284 --> 00:30:46,286
burning at over 2,000 degrees.
365
00:30:46,411 --> 00:30:47,912
The heat will instantly
vaporize the water...
366
00:30:48,038 --> 00:30:51,207
How do we put it out?
367
00:30:52,542 --> 00:30:54,336
You are dealing with something
368
00:30:54,461 --> 00:30:58,923
that has never occurred
on this planet before.
369
00:31:00,884 --> 00:31:02,427
Boron.
370
00:31:03,803 --> 00:31:05,764
Boron and sand.
371
00:31:05,889 --> 00:31:08,475
Well, that'll create
problems of its own,
372
00:31:08,600 --> 00:31:10,727
but I-I don't see any other way.
373
00:31:10,852 --> 00:31:12,812
Of course, it's going to
take thousands of drops,
374
00:31:12,937 --> 00:31:15,482
because you can't fly the
helicopters directly over the core,
375
00:31:15,607 --> 00:31:16,941
so most of it is going to miss.
376
00:31:17,067 --> 00:31:19,319
- How much sand and boron?
- Well, I can't be...
377
00:31:19,444 --> 00:31:23,156
- For God's sake, roughly!
- Five thousand tons.
378
00:31:23,281 --> 00:31:26,117
And obviously, we're going to need
to evacuate an enormous area...
379
00:31:26,242 --> 00:31:28,119
Never mind that. Focus on the fire.
380
00:31:28,244 --> 00:31:30,914
I am focusing on the fire.
381
00:31:31,039 --> 00:31:35,126
The wind, it's carrying all that smoke,
382
00:31:35,251 --> 00:31:37,003
all that radiation.
383
00:31:37,128 --> 00:31:40,048
At least evacuate Pripyat.
It's three kilometers away.
384
00:31:40,173 --> 00:31:42,050
- That's my decision to make.
- Then make it.
385
00:31:42,175 --> 00:31:44,803
- I've been told not to.
- Is it or is not...
386
00:31:44,928 --> 00:31:46,554
I'm in charge here!
387
00:31:46,679 --> 00:31:48,431
This will go much
easier if you talk to me
388
00:31:48,556 --> 00:31:49,766
about the things you do understand
389
00:31:49,891 --> 00:31:52,644
and not about the things
you do not understand.
390
00:31:56,398 --> 00:31:57,857
Where are you going?
391
00:31:57,982 --> 00:32:01,820
I'm going to get you 5,000
tons of sand and boron.
392
00:32:09,702 --> 00:32:11,746
There's a hotel.
393
00:33:07,594 --> 00:33:09,679
I'd prefer one of those.
394
00:33:17,729 --> 00:33:19,814
Superstitious?
395
00:33:28,406 --> 00:33:30,200
Moscow?
396
00:33:33,703 --> 00:33:36,039
Are you here because of the fire?
397
00:33:40,335 --> 00:33:42,879
Anything we should be worried about?
398
00:33:48,343 --> 00:33:49,928
No.
399
00:34:00,396 --> 00:34:01,940
Ah.
400
00:34:54,367 --> 00:34:57,036
We're in position. Approaching drop.
401
00:34:58,121 --> 00:35:00,248
Clear to proceed.
402
00:35:01,624 --> 00:35:04,836
Copy. We'll go one by one in rotation.
403
00:35:10,008 --> 00:35:12,051
Remind them about the perimeter.
404
00:35:15,638 --> 00:35:17,849
They cannot fly directly over the fire.
405
00:35:17,974 --> 00:35:20,059
A minimum of a ten-meter perimeter.
406
00:35:20,184 --> 00:35:21,603
Ten meter perimeter. Copy.
407
00:35:21,728 --> 00:35:23,187
Lead One, per pre-flight:
408
00:35:23,313 --> 00:35:25,982
maintain minimum ten-meter perimeter.
409
00:35:26,107 --> 00:35:27,150
Copy that.
410
00:35:27,275 --> 00:35:29,902
Forty meters... 35...
411
00:35:30,028 --> 00:35:31,362
30...
412
00:35:34,907 --> 00:35:37,076
No, no, no! They're too close!
413
00:35:37,201 --> 00:35:39,078
They can't get over the
fire. How are they supposed...
414
00:35:39,203 --> 00:35:40,872
The wind will have to carry it.
415
00:35:40,997 --> 00:35:43,875
Tell them, they cannot go over the core.
416
00:35:46,377 --> 00:35:47,545
Lead One is too close.
417
00:35:47,670 --> 00:35:50,048
I repeat, they are too close.
418
00:35:50,173 --> 00:35:51,841
Copy.
419
00:35:51,966 --> 00:35:54,886
Lead One, you are inside the perimeter.
420
00:35:55,011 --> 00:35:58,222
Did not copy. Signal's breaking up.
421
00:36:00,642 --> 00:36:03,019
Lead One?
422
00:36:03,144 --> 00:36:04,687
Do you copy?
423
00:36:04,812 --> 00:36:06,689
Lead One, do you copy?
424
00:36:06,814 --> 00:36:08,941
Lead One, come in.
425
00:36:09,067 --> 00:36:10,777
Do you copy, Lead One?
426
00:36:10,902 --> 00:36:12,612
Lead One!
427
00:36:30,421 --> 00:36:33,091
Sir? What do I tell the others?
428
00:36:35,426 --> 00:36:37,470
Is there any other way, Legasov?
429
00:36:45,937 --> 00:36:47,814
Send the next one in.
430
00:36:49,232 --> 00:36:51,275
Tell them to approach from the west.
431
00:36:52,360 --> 00:36:55,488
Lead Two, approach from the west.
432
00:37:16,259 --> 00:37:18,845
Kurchatov Institute Laboratory Four.
433
00:37:18,970 --> 00:37:23,391
Marina Gruzinskaya, it's
Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk.
434
00:37:25,643 --> 00:37:28,187
Oh, yes, how nice of you to phone.
435
00:37:28,312 --> 00:37:30,273
- It's been too long.
- It has.
436
00:37:30,398 --> 00:37:32,859
I was actually calling about our friend.
437
00:37:32,984 --> 00:37:35,319
- You know, the one in the country.
- Oh, yes, of course.
438
00:37:35,445 --> 00:37:39,031
I wanted to see how he's doing.
It's so hot there right now.
439
00:37:39,157 --> 00:37:41,534
Yes, it's extremely hot,
440
00:37:41,659 --> 00:37:42,952
but his nephews are flying down,
441
00:37:43,077 --> 00:37:44,996
and they always bring cool weather.
442
00:37:45,121 --> 00:37:46,664
Oh? Which nephews?
443
00:37:47,498 --> 00:37:51,502
Simka, who's 14, and
little Boris, who's five.
444
00:37:51,627 --> 00:37:52,920
Well, that's wonderful.
445
00:37:53,045 --> 00:37:54,672
Though children can make you even hotter
446
00:37:54,797 --> 00:37:56,549
when they're crawling all over you.
447
00:37:56,674 --> 00:37:58,009
Maybe I should visit them.
448
00:37:58,134 --> 00:37:59,886
No, they don't want visitors.
449
00:38:00,011 --> 00:38:02,263
I'm sorry, um, I have
to get back to work.
450
00:38:02,388 --> 00:38:04,849
It's very busy right now. Goodbye.
451
00:38:07,643 --> 00:38:10,062
They're dropping sand
and boron on the fire.
452
00:38:11,189 --> 00:38:12,732
It's what I would do.
453
00:38:14,525 --> 00:38:16,235
Yes, I'm sure it is.
454
00:38:38,633 --> 00:38:40,176
Where are you going?
455
00:38:41,219 --> 00:38:42,678
Chernobyl.
456
00:38:50,228 --> 00:38:53,147
It's been smooth. Twenty drops.
457
00:38:59,070 --> 00:39:00,404
What?
458
00:39:03,366 --> 00:39:06,369
There are 50,000 people in this city.
459
00:39:06,494 --> 00:39:11,165
Professor Ilyin, who's
also on the commission,
460
00:39:11,290 --> 00:39:14,001
says the radiation isn't
high enough to evacuate.
461
00:39:14,126 --> 00:39:15,753
Ilyin isn't a physicist.
462
00:39:15,878 --> 00:39:18,840
Well, he's a medical doctor.
If he says it's safe, it's safe.
463
00:39:18,965 --> 00:39:21,509
- Not if they stay here.
- We're staying here.
464
00:39:21,634 --> 00:39:26,055
Yes, we are, and we'll
be dead in five years.
465
00:39:33,896 --> 00:39:36,315
I'm sorry, I...
466
00:39:36,440 --> 00:39:37,900
I'm sorry.
467
00:40:16,272 --> 00:40:17,690
Shcherbina.
468
00:40:29,160 --> 00:40:30,494
Thank you.
469
00:40:36,626 --> 00:40:40,463
A nuclear plant in Sweden
has detected radiation
470
00:40:40,588 --> 00:40:43,674
and identified it as a
byproduct of our fuel.
471
00:40:44,800 --> 00:40:48,304
The Americans took satellite photos.
472
00:40:48,429 --> 00:40:51,766
The reactor building,
the smoke, the fire.
473
00:40:54,435 --> 00:40:56,354
The whole world knows.
474
00:41:02,944 --> 00:41:05,529
The wind has been
blowing toward Germany.
475
00:41:06,948 --> 00:41:09,533
They're not letting
children play outside...
476
00:41:11,410 --> 00:41:12,954
in Frankfurt.
477
00:41:24,590 --> 00:41:26,467
Want a smoke?
478
00:41:41,691 --> 00:41:44,443
There has been a nuclear
accident in the Soviet Union
479
00:41:44,568 --> 00:41:46,278
and the Soviets have
admitted that it happened.
480
00:41:46,404 --> 00:41:47,905
The Soviet version is this:
481
00:41:48,030 --> 00:41:49,407
One of the atomic reactors
482
00:41:49,532 --> 00:41:52,076
at the Chernobyl Atomic Power
Plant near the city of Kiev
483
00:41:52,201 --> 00:41:54,745
was damaged, and there
is speculation in Moscow
484
00:41:54,870 --> 00:41:56,998
that people were injured
and may have died.
485
00:41:57,123 --> 00:42:00,209
The Soviets may have been fairly
quick to acknowledge the accident
486
00:42:00,334 --> 00:42:03,587
because evidence in the form
of mild nuclear radiation
487
00:42:03,713 --> 00:42:07,758
had already reached beyond the
Soviet borders to Scandinavia.
488
00:42:40,958 --> 00:42:46,005
Attention, attention!
Attention, attention!
489
00:42:46,130 --> 00:42:48,841
Attention, attention!
490
00:42:48,966 --> 00:42:51,802
Dear comrades,
491
00:42:51,927 --> 00:42:57,099
the City Counsel of people's deputies
informs the following:
492
00:42:57,224 --> 00:43:04,231
due to an accident at the Chernobyl
nuclear power plant in the city of Pripyat,
493
00:43:04,356 --> 00:43:10,738
an adverse radiation condition
is evolving.
494
00:43:10,863 --> 00:43:16,327
By the Party and Soviet bodies,
and by police units
495
00:43:16,452 --> 00:43:20,081
necessary measures are being taken.
496
00:43:20,206 --> 00:43:26,629
However, in order to provide
complete safety for people,
497
00:43:26,754 --> 00:43:29,507
especially for children,
498
00:43:29,632 --> 00:43:37,348
it is necessary
to temporarily evacuate city residents
499
00:43:37,473 --> 00:43:41,685
to evacuation points in Kiev oblast.
500
00:43:41,811 --> 00:43:45,106
In order to do this,
for each apartment house,
501
00:43:45,231 --> 00:43:48,943
today, April 27,
502
00:43:49,068 --> 00:43:53,364
starting from 2:00 p.m.,
503
00:43:53,489 --> 00:43:58,077
starting from 2:00 p.m.,
504
00:43:58,202 --> 00:44:00,538
buses will be provided
505
00:44:00,663 --> 00:44:04,166
escorted by militia officers
506
00:44:04,291 --> 00:44:07,419
and representatives of the Party's
executive committee.
507
00:44:07,545 --> 00:44:10,965
It is recommended to take with you:
508
00:44:11,090 --> 00:44:15,219
IDs, basic necessities,
509
00:44:15,344 --> 00:44:20,266
and some food for the trip
and the first couple of days.
510
00:44:21,267 --> 00:44:25,688
The executives
of enterprises and institutions
511
00:44:25,813 --> 00:44:31,443
have provided lists
of workers who are required to stay
512
00:44:31,569 --> 00:44:37,658
to ensure normal functioning of the city.
513
00:44:37,783 --> 00:44:41,495
All apartment houses
during the evacuation
514
00:44:41,620 --> 00:44:45,624
will be guarded by militia officers.
515
00:44:45,749 --> 00:44:50,087
Comrades, while temporarily
leaving your houses,
516
00:44:50,212 --> 00:44:53,007
do not forget to close windows,
517
00:44:53,132 --> 00:44:57,052
to turn off
all electrical and gas equipment,
518
00:44:57,178 --> 00:45:00,389
and to close mainstaps.
519
00:45:00,514 --> 00:45:05,227
Please, remain calm, be organized
520
00:45:05,352 --> 00:45:11,275
and maintain order
during this temporary evacuation.
521
00:45:11,400 --> 00:45:16,906
Attention, attention!
Attention, attention!
522
00:45:17,031 --> 00:45:23,370
Attention, attention!
Attention, attention!
523
00:45:23,495 --> 00:45:26,540
Dear comrades,
524
00:45:26,665 --> 00:45:31,921
the City Counsel of people's deputies
informs the following:
525
00:45:32,046 --> 00:45:38,219
due to an accident
at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
526
00:45:38,344 --> 00:45:40,429
in the city of Pripyat,
527
00:45:40,554 --> 00:45:48,145
an adverse radiation condition
is evolving.
528
00:45:48,270 --> 00:45:53,692
By the Party and Soviet bodies,
and by police units...
529
00:46:22,304 --> 00:46:24,765
I said turn around. This
is a restricted zone.
530
00:46:24,890 --> 00:46:27,559
I'm from the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
531
00:46:27,685 --> 00:46:29,228
Do you have permission?
532
00:46:29,353 --> 00:46:31,563
Listen to me, I need to
speak to someone urgently.
533
00:46:31,689 --> 00:46:34,024
Turn around right now,
or I'll arrest you.
534
00:46:34,149 --> 00:46:35,859
If you arrest me, you should take me
535
00:46:35,985 --> 00:46:38,195
to the highest possible authority.
536
00:46:42,700 --> 00:46:45,202
We have to start a radiological survey.
537
00:46:45,327 --> 00:46:49,498
Sector by sector, on
foot, dosimeters in hand.
538
00:46:51,166 --> 00:46:52,876
Are you all right?
539
00:46:55,504 --> 00:46:56,755
Of course.
540
00:46:58,048 --> 00:46:59,425
Comrades...
541
00:46:59,550 --> 00:47:02,052
The guards arrested this
woman at the south checkpoint.
542
00:47:02,177 --> 00:47:06,390
- I'd have put her in a cell...
- But he thought you should know that I know.
543
00:47:06,515 --> 00:47:08,517
I know that your
reactor core is exposed.
544
00:47:08,642 --> 00:47:11,270
I know the graphite is on
fire, the fuel is melting,
545
00:47:11,395 --> 00:47:13,272
and you're dropping
sand and boron on it,
546
00:47:13,397 --> 00:47:16,608
which you probably thought was
smart, but you've made a mistake.
547
00:47:16,734 --> 00:47:19,778
Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk, Chief Physicist,
548
00:47:19,903 --> 00:47:22,156
Byelorussian Institute
for Nuclear Energy.
549
00:47:22,281 --> 00:47:25,617
And you are Valery Alexeyevich Legasov?
550
00:47:25,743 --> 00:47:28,120
Smothering the core
will put the fire out,
551
00:47:28,245 --> 00:47:30,956
but the temperature will
eventually increase...
552
00:47:31,081 --> 00:47:32,666
Believe me, I'm perfectly aware.
553
00:47:32,791 --> 00:47:34,710
But I estimate at least a month
554
00:47:34,835 --> 00:47:36,712
before it melts through
the lower concrete pad,
555
00:47:36,837 --> 00:47:38,714
- which gives us time...
- No, you don't have a month.
556
00:47:38,839 --> 00:47:40,549
You have approximately two days.
557
00:47:41,467 --> 00:47:44,762
Yes, the fuel would take a month
558
00:47:44,887 --> 00:47:46,847
to reach the concrete pad here.
559
00:47:46,972 --> 00:47:50,351
But first... it's going to burn through
560
00:47:50,476 --> 00:47:52,811
the biological shield here by Tuesday.
561
00:47:52,936 --> 00:47:55,898
And when it does, it's
going to hit these tanks...
562
00:47:56,023 --> 00:47:57,274
bubbler pools, reservoirs...
563
00:47:57,399 --> 00:48:00,527
Reservoirs for the ECS.
I understand your concern,
564
00:48:00,652 --> 00:48:02,529
but I confirmed it with plant personnel.
565
00:48:02,654 --> 00:48:06,200
- The tanks are nearly empty.
- No, they were nearly empty.
566
00:48:06,325 --> 00:48:09,745
Each of these points
here, here, and here
567
00:48:09,870 --> 00:48:11,789
all drain to the bubbler pools.
568
00:48:11,914 --> 00:48:14,416
I'm guessing that every pipe
in the building ruptured.
569
00:48:14,541 --> 00:48:17,461
And then there are those fire
engines that I saw on the way in.
570
00:48:17,586 --> 00:48:19,671
The fire hoses are still connected.
571
00:48:19,797 --> 00:48:22,883
They've been gushing water into
the structure this whole time.
572
00:48:23,008 --> 00:48:24,802
The tanks are full.
573
00:48:26,929 --> 00:48:29,431
The tanks are full.
574
00:48:32,059 --> 00:48:34,853
_
575
00:48:34,978 --> 00:48:39,441
_
576
00:48:39,566 --> 00:48:42,736
_
577
00:48:42,861 --> 00:48:46,490
_
578
00:48:46,615 --> 00:48:49,201
_
579
00:48:49,326 --> 00:48:52,121
_
580
00:49:08,429 --> 00:49:12,683
I have ten minutes, then
I'm back on the phone
581
00:49:12,808 --> 00:49:15,686
apologizing to our friends,
582
00:49:15,811 --> 00:49:18,939
apologizing to our enemies.
583
00:49:19,064 --> 00:49:22,443
Our power comes from the
perception of our power.
584
00:49:22,568 --> 00:49:26,071
Do you understand the
damage this has done?
585
00:49:26,196 --> 00:49:29,324
Do you understand what's at stake?
586
00:49:31,034 --> 00:49:32,244
Boris.
587
00:49:34,413 --> 00:49:38,834
Professor Legasov will
deliver our briefing.
588
00:49:40,502 --> 00:49:42,087
There is some good news.
589
00:49:42,212 --> 00:49:44,715
The air drops are
working to douse the fire.
590
00:49:44,840 --> 00:49:48,552
There's been a reduction
in radionuclide emissions,
591
00:49:48,677 --> 00:49:50,471
but the fire will not be extinguished
592
00:49:50,596 --> 00:49:53,474
for at least another two weeks.
593
00:49:55,517 --> 00:49:58,395
There is also an additional problem.
594
00:49:59,938 --> 00:50:01,690
Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold
595
00:50:01,815 --> 00:50:04,401
simply because it is not on fire.
596
00:50:04,526 --> 00:50:06,028
In fact, the temperature
will likely rise
597
00:50:06,153 --> 00:50:08,906
as a result of the blanket
of sand we've dropped.
598
00:50:09,031 --> 00:50:11,783
The uranium will melt the sand,
599
00:50:11,909 --> 00:50:13,577
creating a kind of lava
600
00:50:13,702 --> 00:50:16,955
which will begin to melt
down through the shield below.
601
00:50:17,080 --> 00:50:18,582
You have made lava?
602
00:50:21,251 --> 00:50:23,378
I anticipated this.
603
00:50:25,005 --> 00:50:27,132
I believed there was time to reinforce
604
00:50:27,257 --> 00:50:29,343
this lower concrete pad
605
00:50:29,468 --> 00:50:30,802
before the lava reached the earth
606
00:50:30,928 --> 00:50:32,429
and contaminated the groundwater.
607
00:50:32,554 --> 00:50:35,599
But as it turned out, I was
worried about the wrong thing.
608
00:50:35,724 --> 00:50:37,559
Uh, um...
609
00:50:37,684 --> 00:50:41,230
It was my understanding
that these large water tanks
610
00:50:41,355 --> 00:50:43,899
under the reactor
were essentially empty.
611
00:50:44,024 --> 00:50:47,152
This is Ulana Khomyuk of
the Byelorussian Institute.
612
00:50:47,277 --> 00:50:49,446
Thanks to her insight, we are now aware
613
00:50:49,571 --> 00:50:52,824
that the tanks are, in fact, full.
614
00:50:52,950 --> 00:50:56,745
Of water. Why is that
a problem, professor?
615
00:51:01,083 --> 00:51:02,709
When the lava enters these tanks,
616
00:51:02,834 --> 00:51:05,379
it will instantly superheat and vaporize
617
00:51:05,504 --> 00:51:09,007
approximately 7,000
cubic meters of water,
618
00:51:09,132 --> 00:51:12,469
causing a significant thermal explosion.
619
00:51:12,594 --> 00:51:14,513
How significant?
620
00:51:14,638 --> 00:51:18,600
We estimate between
two and four megatons.
621
00:51:18,725 --> 00:51:21,853
Everything within a 30-kilometer radius
622
00:51:21,979 --> 00:51:23,605
will be completely destroyed,
623
00:51:23,730 --> 00:51:27,025
including the three remaining
reactors at Chernobyl.
624
00:51:27,150 --> 00:51:30,612
The entirety of the radioactive
material in all of the cores
625
00:51:30,737 --> 00:51:33,782
will be ejected at force
626
00:51:33,907 --> 00:51:36,910
and dispersed by a massive shock wave,
627
00:51:37,035 --> 00:51:42,165
which will extend
approximately 200 kilometers
628
00:51:42,291 --> 00:51:45,544
and likely be fatal to the
entire population of Kiev
629
00:51:45,669 --> 00:51:47,671
as well as a portion of Minsk.
630
00:51:47,796 --> 00:51:50,674
The release of radiation will be severe
631
00:51:50,799 --> 00:51:54,011
and will impact all of Soviet Ukraine,
632
00:51:54,136 --> 00:51:57,723
Latvia, Lithuania, Byelorussia,
633
00:51:57,848 --> 00:52:01,143
as well as Poland,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
634
00:52:01,268 --> 00:52:03,770
Romania, and most of East Germany.
635
00:52:07,524 --> 00:52:10,319
What do you mean "impact"?
636
00:52:11,194 --> 00:52:13,697
For much of the area, a
nearly permanent disruption
637
00:52:13,822 --> 00:52:16,325
of the food and water supply,
638
00:52:16,450 --> 00:52:19,411
a steep increase in the rates
of cancer and birth defects.
639
00:52:19,536 --> 00:52:22,956
I don't know how many deaths
there will be, but many.
640
00:52:23,081 --> 00:52:24,875
For Byelorussia and the Ukraine,
641
00:52:25,000 --> 00:52:27,294
"impact" means completely uninhabitable
642
00:52:27,419 --> 00:52:30,839
for a minimum of 100 years.
643
00:52:34,676 --> 00:52:38,055
There are more than 50 million people
644
00:52:38,180 --> 00:52:40,849
living in Byelorussia and Ukraine.
645
00:52:40,974 --> 00:52:42,851
Sixty, yes.
646
00:52:47,230 --> 00:52:48,982
And how long before this happens?
647
00:52:49,107 --> 00:52:52,861
Approximately 48 to 72 hours.
648
00:52:56,406 --> 00:52:58,867
But we may have a solution.
649
00:52:58,992 --> 00:53:00,661
We can pump the water from the tanks.
650
00:53:00,786 --> 00:53:04,122
Unfortunately, the tanks are
sealed shut by a sluice gate,
651
00:53:04,247 --> 00:53:06,333
and the gate can only be opened manually
652
00:53:06,458 --> 00:53:07,959
from within the duct system itself.
653
00:53:08,085 --> 00:53:11,213
So we need to find three plant workers
654
00:53:11,338 --> 00:53:12,881
who know the facility well enough
655
00:53:13,006 --> 00:53:14,591
to enter the basement here,
656
00:53:14,716 --> 00:53:18,929
find their way through
all these duct ways,
657
00:53:19,054 --> 00:53:21,098
get to the sluice gate valve here,
658
00:53:21,223 --> 00:53:25,644
and give us the access we
need to pump out the tanks.
659
00:53:25,769 --> 00:53:28,438
Of course, we will need your permission.
660
00:53:28,563 --> 00:53:30,607
My permission for what?
661
00:53:30,732 --> 00:53:33,235
Uh, the water in these ducts,
662
00:53:33,360 --> 00:53:36,113
the level of radioactive
contamination...
663
00:53:36,238 --> 00:53:38,615
They'll likely be dead in a week.
664
00:53:40,367 --> 00:53:43,995
We're asking for your
permission to kill three men.
665
00:53:52,254 --> 00:53:53,588
Well...
666
00:53:53,714 --> 00:53:56,258
Comrade Legasov...
667
00:53:56,383 --> 00:54:00,095
all victories inevitably come at a cost.
668
00:55:25,263 --> 00:55:29,059
And open the sluice gate valve... here.
669
00:55:29,184 --> 00:55:31,144
The valve will be difficult to operate,
670
00:55:31,269 --> 00:55:33,146
so we'll need three men
671
00:55:33,271 --> 00:55:36,691
who will need to know
the basement layout.
672
00:55:36,817 --> 00:55:40,737
And, of course, any
volunteers will be rewarded.
673
00:55:40,862 --> 00:55:45,200
A yearly stipend of 400 rubles.
674
00:55:51,331 --> 00:55:56,253
And, uh, for those of you working
in reactors one and two, promotions.
675
00:55:56,378 --> 00:56:00,173
Why are reactors one and
two still operating at all?
676
00:56:00,298 --> 00:56:02,259
My friend was a security
guard that night,
677
00:56:02,384 --> 00:56:04,010
and, uh, she's now dying.
678
00:56:04,135 --> 00:56:06,638
And we've all heard about the firemen.
679
00:56:06,763 --> 00:56:11,434
And now you want us to swim
underneath a burning reactor?
680
00:56:11,560 --> 00:56:13,728
Do you even know how contaminated it is?
681
00:56:15,772 --> 00:56:17,607
I... I don't have an exact number.
682
00:56:17,732 --> 00:56:20,485
You don't need an exact number
to know if it'll kill us.
683
00:56:20,610 --> 00:56:22,529
But you can't even tell us that.
684
00:56:24,447 --> 00:56:26,950
Why should we do this?
For what, 400 rubles?
685
00:56:30,412 --> 00:56:33,123
You'll do it because it must be done.
686
00:56:37,836 --> 00:56:41,089
You'll do it because nobody else can.
687
00:56:43,425 --> 00:56:47,095
And if you don't, millions will die.
688
00:56:48,263 --> 00:56:51,224
If you tell me that's not
enough, I won't believe you.
689
00:56:52,434 --> 00:56:56,479
This is what has always
set our people apart.
690
00:56:56,605 --> 00:56:59,691
A thousand years of
sacrifice in our veins.
691
00:57:00,650 --> 00:57:03,445
And every generation must
know its own suffering.
692
00:57:04,487 --> 00:57:07,198
I spit on the people who did this,
693
00:57:07,324 --> 00:57:09,951
and I curse the price I have to pay.
694
00:57:12,078 --> 00:57:14,414
But I'm making my peace with it,
695
00:57:14,539 --> 00:57:16,291
and now you make yours.
696
00:57:16,416 --> 00:57:19,127
And go into that water.
697
00:57:21,212 --> 00:57:22,964
Because it must be done.
698
00:57:40,106 --> 00:57:41,691
Ananenko.
699
00:57:46,029 --> 00:57:47,530
Bezpalov.
700
00:57:52,702 --> 00:57:54,412
Baranov.
701
01:03:06,057 --> 01:03:12,397
- Synced and corrected by VitoSilans -
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702
01:03:12,522 --> 01:03:17,527
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