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WWW.MY-SUBS.COM
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What is the cost of lies?
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Who is to blame?
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It doesn't matter.
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It doesn't look right.
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We taste metal.
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I think there's
graphite on the ground.
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You didn't see graphite.
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You didn't
because it's not there!
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We seal off the city. Contain
the spread of misinformation.
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Secretary Gorbachev
has appointed a committee
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to manage the accident. You're on it.
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- Synced and corrected by VitoSilans -
-- www.MY-SUBS.com --
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You work too hard.
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- Where is everyone?
- Oh, they refused to come in.
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- Why?
- It's Saturday.
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- Why did you come in?
- I work too hard.
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It's boiling in here.
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Eight milliroentgen. A leak?
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No.
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It would've gone off before.
It's coming from outside.
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The Americans?
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Iodine 131.
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It's not military. It's
uranium decay, U-235.
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Reactor fuel?
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Ignalina. Maybe, uh,
240 kilometers away.
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Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk
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with the Institute of Nuclear En...
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Looking for...?
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- All right, stay calm.
- Don't tell me to stay calm.
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They're at four. It's not them.
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- Who's the next closest?
- It's Chernobyl, but that's not possible.
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They're 400 kilometers away.
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That's too far for eight milliroentgen.
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They'd have to be split open.
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Maybe they know something.
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- Iodine.
- Could it be a waste dump?
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No.
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We'd be seeing other isotopes.
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Nuclear test? Uh, new kind of bomb?
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We'd have heard. That's what
half our people work on here.
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Something with the space
program like a satellite or...?
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No one's answering the phone.
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- Get everyone started on an IV.
- We don't have enough.
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- All the children then.
- But we don't have enough!
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As many as you can.
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- Where's the old man?
- He's set up a burn ward in 16.
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What are you doing? What is that?
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Milk. It's milk. Much better than water.
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No, no, no. Stop. Stop!
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- What are you doing?
- These are radiation burns!
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Their clothes are contaminated!
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Help me!
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Get it all off.
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We're taking it down to the basement.
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He was a firefighter from Chernobyl.
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Can you stop pushing, please?
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We have our orders!
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- Disperse!
- Hey, there! Get him!
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Why you keeping us out here?
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Professor Legasov?
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Oh, no, not yet.
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They're finishing up some other
business. It'll be a few more minutes.
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- Can I get you some tea?
- No, I'm fine. Thank you.
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Would you care to read Deputy Chairman
Shcherbina's report while you wait?
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Certainly. Thank you.
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All right,
Professor. They're ready.
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Professor Legasov?
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You have my support.
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Thank you all for
your duty to this commission.
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We will begin with Deputy
Chairman Shcherbina's briefing,
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and then we will discuss
next steps if necessary.
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Thank you, comrade General Secretary.
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I'm pleased to report that the
situation in Chernobyl is stable.
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Military and civilian patrols
have secured the region,
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and Colonel General Pikalov,
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who commands troops
specializing in chemical hazards,
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has been dispatched to the plant.
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In terms of radiation,
plant director Bryukhanov
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reports no more than 3.6 roentgen.
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I'm told it's the
equivalent of a chest X-ray.
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So if you're overdue for a check-up...
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- And foreign press?
- Totally unaware.
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KGB First Deputy Chairman
Charkov assures me
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that we have successfully
protected our security interests.
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Good. Very good.
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Well, it seems like
it's well in hand, so...
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if there's nothing
else, meeting adjourned.
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No!
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Pardon me?
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Uh, we can't adjourn.
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This is Professor Legasov
of the Kurchatov Institute.
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Professor, if you have any concerns,
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feel free to address them with me later.
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I can't. I am sorry. I'm so sorry.
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Page three, the section on casualties.
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Uh...
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"A fireman was severely
burned on his hand
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by a chunk of smooth, black mineral
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on the ground, outside
the reactor building."
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Smooth, black mineral... graphite.
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There's-There's graphite on the ground.
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Well, there was a... a tank
explosion. There's debris.
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- Of what importance...?
- There's only one place in the entire facility
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where you will find
graphite: inside the core.
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If there's graphite
on the ground outside,
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it means it wasn't a control
system tank that exploded.
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- It was the reactor core.
- It's open!
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Um, Comrade Shcherbina?
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Comrade General
Secretary, I can assure you
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that Professor Legasov is mistaken.
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Bryukhanov reports that
the reactor core is intact.
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- And as for the radiation...
- Yes, 3.6 roentgen,
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which, by the way, is not the
equivalent of one chest X-ray,
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but rather 400 chest X-rays.
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That number's been bothering me
for a different reason, though.
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It's also the maximum reading
on low-limit dosimeters.
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They gave us the number they had.
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I think the true number
is much, much higher.
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If I'm right, this fireman
was holding the equivalent
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of four million chest
X-rays in his hand.
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Professor Legasov, there's no
place for alarmist hysteria...
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It's not alarmist if it's a fact!
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Well, I don't hear any facts at all.
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All I hear is a man I don't know
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engaging in conjecture
in direct contradiction
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to what has been reported
by party officials.
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I'm, uh... I apologize.
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I didn't mean, uh...
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Please,
may I express my concern
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as calmly and as respectfully as I...
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- Professor Legasov...
- Boris.
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I will allow it.
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Um...
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An RBMK reactor
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uses uranium 235 as fuel.
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Every atom of U-235 is like a bullet
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traveling at nearly the speed of light,
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penetrating everything in its path:
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woods, metal, concrete, flesh.
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Every gram of U-235 holds
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over a billion trillion
of these bullets.
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That's in one gram.
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Now, Chernobyl holds
over three million grams,
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and right now, it is on fire.
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Winds will carry radioactive
particles across the entire continent,
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rain will bring them down on us.
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That's three million
billion trillion bullets
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in the... in the air we breathe,
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the water we drink, the food we eat.
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Most of these bullets will
not stop firing for 100 years.
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Some of them, not for 50,000 years.
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Yes, and, uh, this concern
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stems entirely from the
description of a rock?
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Yes.
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Hmm.
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00:14:02,653 --> 00:14:04,444
Comrade Shcherbina...
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I want you to go to Chernobyl.
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00:14:07,903 --> 00:14:10,109
You take a look at the
reactor, you personally,
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and you report directly back to me.
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A wise decision, comrade
General Secretary...
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And take
Professor Legasov with you.
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Uh...
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Forgive me, comrade
General Secretary, but I...
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Do you know how a nuclear reactor works?
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- No.
- No.
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Well, then how will you
know what you're looking at?
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Meeting adjourned.
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How does a nuclear reactor work?
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- What?
- It's a simple question.
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It's hardly a simple answer.
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Of course, you presume I'm
too stupid to understand.
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So I'll restate: Tell me
how a nuclear reactor works,
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or I'll have one of these soldiers
throw you out of the helicopter.
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A nuclear reactor makes
electricity with steam.
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The steam turns a turbine
which generates electricity.
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Where a typical power plant
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makes steam by burning coal,
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a nuclear plant...
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In a nuclear plant, we use
something called fission.
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We take an unstable
element like uranium 235,
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which has too many neutrons.
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- A neutron is, uh...
- The bullet.
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Yes, the bullet.
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So, bullets are flying
off of the uranium.
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00:16:42,986 --> 00:16:44,401
Now...
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if we put enough uranium
atoms close together,
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the bullets from one atom will
eventually strike another atom.
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The force of this impact
splits that atom apart,
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00:16:56,945 --> 00:17:00,317
releasing a tremendous
amount of energy, fission.
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00:17:00,319 --> 00:17:03,150
- And the graphite?
- Ah, yes.
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00:17:03,152 --> 00:17:07,109
The neutrons are actually traveling
so fast... we call this "flux"...
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00:17:07,111 --> 00:17:11,984
it's relatively unlikely that the
uranium atoms will ever hit one another.
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00:17:11,986 --> 00:17:17,025
In RBMK reactors, we surround
the fuel rods with graphite
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to moderate, slow
down, the neutron flux.
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Good.
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00:17:27,043 --> 00:17:30,085
I know how a nuclear reactor works.
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Now I don't need you.
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00:17:52,695 --> 00:17:56,277
- Can you help me? I need to find my husband.
- No. Not now.
199
00:18:00,236 --> 00:18:01,818
- Mikhail!
- Lyudmilla.
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00:18:01,820 --> 00:18:03,484
Take her.
201
00:18:03,486 --> 00:18:05,401
Take her away from here, please.
202
00:18:05,403 --> 00:18:08,109
- Get away from them! You want to get sick? Go!
- Oh my God.
203
00:18:08,111 --> 00:18:09,526
Please take her, please take her.
204
00:18:09,528 --> 00:18:11,359
Please take her, please.
205
00:18:11,361 --> 00:18:13,818
Please! Please!
206
00:18:13,820 --> 00:18:15,528
Please take her!
207
00:18:20,861 --> 00:18:23,651
Excuse me, I am Vasily Ignatenko's wife.
208
00:18:23,653 --> 00:18:27,025
He's a fireman. Ignatenko.
209
00:18:27,027 --> 00:18:30,609
Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary
Fire and Rescue Unit.
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00:18:30,611 --> 00:18:33,528
I need to find him. Please.
211
00:18:36,653 --> 00:18:38,317
Ignatenko...
212
00:18:38,319 --> 00:18:40,901
He's being transported
by helicopter to Moscow.
213
00:18:40,903 --> 00:18:42,776
Hospital number six.
214
00:18:42,778 --> 00:18:44,984
Why, is he all right? Can I see him?
215
00:18:44,986 --> 00:18:46,567
You want to see him? Go to Moscow.
216
00:18:46,569 --> 00:18:48,861
But they're not letting us leave here.
217
00:18:51,387 --> 00:18:53,679
Tell them Major Burov allows it.
218
00:18:55,236 --> 00:18:58,236
- Oh. When are they taking him?
- Now.
219
00:19:29,042 --> 00:19:31,084
We're approaching
the power plant.
220
00:19:36,952 --> 00:19:38,910
What have they done?
221
00:19:39,986 --> 00:19:41,707
Can you see inside?
222
00:19:41,710 --> 00:19:45,024
I don't have to. Look.
223
00:19:45,027 --> 00:19:47,025
That's graphite on the roof.
224
00:19:47,027 --> 00:19:49,442
The whole building's been blown open.
225
00:19:49,444 --> 00:19:50,776
The core's exposed!
226
00:19:50,778 --> 00:19:52,776
I can't see how you
can tell that from here.
227
00:19:52,778 --> 00:19:54,020
Oh, for God's sakes.
228
00:19:54,023 --> 00:19:55,775
Look at that glow!
229
00:19:55,778 --> 00:19:58,379
That's radiation ionizing the air!
230
00:19:58,382 --> 00:20:00,234
Well, if we can't see, we don't know.
231
00:20:00,236 --> 00:20:01,984
Get us directly over the building!
232
00:20:01,986 --> 00:20:03,239
- Boris, if we fly...
- Don't you use my name!
233
00:20:03,241 --> 00:20:06,024
...directly over an open reactor,
we'll be dead within a week!
234
00:20:06,027 --> 00:20:07,486
Dead!
235
00:20:08,444 --> 00:20:09,734
Sir?
236
00:20:09,736 --> 00:20:12,820
Get us over that building,
or I'll have you shot!
237
00:20:16,486 --> 00:20:18,609
If you fly directly over
that core, I promise you,
238
00:20:18,611 --> 00:20:21,361
by tomorrow morning, you'll
be begging for that bullet.
239
00:21:09,361 --> 00:21:11,569
Perhaps if you came back another day.
240
00:21:16,569 --> 00:21:19,025
Just wonderful.
241
00:21:19,027 --> 00:21:21,526
Deputy Secretary Garanin.
242
00:21:21,528 --> 00:21:25,776
Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
243
00:21:25,778 --> 00:21:27,192
What a pleasure.
244
00:21:27,194 --> 00:21:30,069
- Let me introduce...
- I'm here about Chernobyl.
245
00:21:31,944 --> 00:21:33,442
Such a lovely time.
246
00:21:33,445 --> 00:21:36,903
- Visit again soon.
- I will. Thank you.
247
00:21:49,069 --> 00:21:52,109
I must tell you, this
is why no one likes scientists.
248
00:21:52,111 --> 00:21:54,943
When we have a disease
to cure, where are they?
249
00:21:54,945 --> 00:21:58,504
In a lab, noses in their
books, and so Grandma dies.
250
00:21:58,507 --> 00:21:59,880
But when there isn't a problem,
251
00:21:59,883 --> 00:22:01,650
they're everywhere, spreading fear.
252
00:22:01,653 --> 00:22:04,109
- I know about Chernobyl.
- Oh?
253
00:22:04,111 --> 00:22:07,067
I know that the core is either
partially or completely exposed.
254
00:22:07,069 --> 00:22:09,567
- Whatever that means.
- And that if you don't immediately
255
00:22:09,569 --> 00:22:12,401
issue iodine tablets and
then evacuate this city,
256
00:22:12,403 --> 00:22:15,109
hundreds of thousands of
people are going to get cancer,
257
00:22:15,111 --> 00:22:17,309
and God knows how many more will die.
258
00:22:17,312 --> 00:22:19,086
Yes, very good.
259
00:22:19,089 --> 00:22:21,442
There has been an accident at Chernobyl,
260
00:22:21,444 --> 00:22:23,651
but I've been assured
there is no problem.
261
00:22:23,653 --> 00:22:25,651
I'm telling you that there is.
262
00:22:25,653 --> 00:22:27,693
I prefer my opinion to yours.
263
00:22:27,695 --> 00:22:31,067
I'm a nuclear physicist.
264
00:22:31,069 --> 00:22:32,734
Before you were Deputy Secretary,
265
00:22:32,736 --> 00:22:34,403
you worked in a shoe factory.
266
00:22:35,528 --> 00:22:39,111
Yes, I worked in a shoe factory.
267
00:22:40,011 --> 00:22:42,136
And now I'm in charge.
268
00:22:44,444 --> 00:22:47,277
"To the workers of the world."
269
00:23:08,985 --> 00:23:11,608
Stable iodine will keep your thyroid
270
00:23:11,611 --> 00:23:13,986
from absorbing radioactive iodine.
271
00:23:15,152 --> 00:23:18,025
Take one a day for as long as they last.
272
00:23:18,027 --> 00:23:19,818
And go east.
273
00:23:19,820 --> 00:23:22,277
Get as far from Minsk as you can.
274
00:23:55,861 --> 00:23:57,609
It's overkill.
275
00:23:57,611 --> 00:23:59,609
Pikalov's showing off
to make us look bad.
276
00:23:59,611 --> 00:24:02,734
It doesn't
matter how it looks.
277
00:24:02,736 --> 00:24:05,109
Shcherbina is a pure bureaucrat,
278
00:24:05,111 --> 00:24:07,192
as stupid as he is pigheaded.
279
00:24:07,194 --> 00:24:09,609
We'll tell him the truth in
the simplest terms possible.
280
00:24:09,611 --> 00:24:11,319
We'll be fine.
281
00:24:14,861 --> 00:24:16,403
Pikarov!
282
00:24:41,736 --> 00:24:44,693
Comrade Shcherbina,
Chief Engineer Fomin,
283
00:24:44,695 --> 00:24:46,734
Colonel General Pikalov, and I
284
00:24:46,736 --> 00:24:48,067
are honored at your arrival.
285
00:24:48,069 --> 00:24:49,401
Deeply, deeply honored.
286
00:24:49,403 --> 00:24:52,442
Naturally, we regret the
circumstances of your visit,
287
00:24:52,444 --> 00:24:54,693
but, as you can see, we are
making excellent progress
288
00:24:54,695 --> 00:24:56,317
in containing the damage.
289
00:24:56,319 --> 00:25:01,567
We have begun our own inquiry
into the cause of the accident,
290
00:25:01,569 --> 00:25:04,651
and I have a list of individuals
291
00:25:04,653 --> 00:25:07,444
who we believe are accountable.
292
00:25:29,192 --> 00:25:31,329
Professor
Legasov, I understand
293
00:25:31,332 --> 00:25:33,484
you've been saying dangerous things.
294
00:25:33,486 --> 00:25:35,359
Very dangerous things.
295
00:25:35,361 --> 00:25:37,695
Apparently, our reactor core exploded.
296
00:25:38,361 --> 00:25:42,611
Please, tell me how an
RBMK reactor core explodes.
297
00:25:44,486 --> 00:25:46,901
I'm not prepared to
explain it at this time.
298
00:25:46,903 --> 00:25:49,859
As I presumed, he has no answer.
299
00:25:49,861 --> 00:25:52,442
It's disgraceful, really.
300
00:25:52,444 --> 00:25:55,945
To spread disinformation
at a time like this.
301
00:26:01,986 --> 00:26:04,776
Why did I see graphite on the roof?
302
00:26:04,778 --> 00:26:06,984
Graphite is only found in the core,
303
00:26:06,986 --> 00:26:10,526
where it's used as a
neutron flux moderator.
304
00:26:10,528 --> 00:26:11,945
Correct?
305
00:26:12,903 --> 00:26:16,361
Fomin, why did the Deputy
Chairman see graphite on the roof?
306
00:26:17,611 --> 00:26:19,403
Well, that... that can't be.
307
00:26:20,277 --> 00:26:23,025
Comrade Shcherbina, my
apologies, but graphite...
308
00:26:23,027 --> 00:26:24,317
that's not possible.
309
00:26:24,319 --> 00:26:26,504
Perhaps you saw burnt concrete.
310
00:26:26,507 --> 00:26:28,526
Now there you made a mistake,
311
00:26:28,528 --> 00:26:31,234
because I may not know
much about nuclear reactors,
312
00:26:31,236 --> 00:26:32,861
but I know a lot about concrete.
313
00:26:33,695 --> 00:26:36,194
- Comrade, I assure you...
- I understand.
314
00:26:37,027 --> 00:26:39,734
You think Legasov is wrong.
315
00:26:39,736 --> 00:26:41,695
How shall we prove it?
316
00:26:42,986 --> 00:26:46,317
Our high-range dosimeter just arrived.
317
00:26:46,319 --> 00:26:49,359
We could cover one of our
trucks with lead shielding,
318
00:26:49,361 --> 00:26:51,695
mount the dosimeter on the front.
319
00:26:57,486 --> 00:27:00,776
Have one of your men get as
close to the fire as he can.
320
00:27:00,778 --> 00:27:02,526
Give him every bit of
protection you have.
321
00:27:02,528 --> 00:27:04,901
But understand that
even with lead shielding,
322
00:27:04,903 --> 00:27:06,903
it may not be enough.
323
00:27:08,736 --> 00:27:10,611
Then I'll do it myself.
324
00:27:15,277 --> 00:27:17,236
Good.
325
00:29:14,933 --> 00:29:16,767
He's back.
326
00:29:45,778 --> 00:29:48,067
It's not three roentgen.
327
00:29:48,069 --> 00:29:49,901
It's 15,000.
328
00:29:49,903 --> 00:29:52,651
Comrade Shcherbina...
329
00:29:52,653 --> 00:29:54,192
What does that number mean?
330
00:29:54,194 --> 00:29:56,442
It means the core is open.
331
00:29:56,444 --> 00:29:58,984
It means the fire we're
watching with our own eyes
332
00:29:58,986 --> 00:30:00,567
is giving off nearly twice the radiation
333
00:30:00,569 --> 00:30:02,484
released by the bomb in Hiroshima.
334
00:30:02,486 --> 00:30:04,359
And that's every single hour.
335
00:30:04,361 --> 00:30:07,395
Hour after hour, 20
hours since the explosion,
336
00:30:07,398 --> 00:30:09,263
so 40 bombs worth by now.
337
00:30:09,266 --> 00:30:10,681
Forty-eight more tomorrow.
338
00:30:10,684 --> 00:30:13,401
And it will not stop. Not
in a week, not in a month.
339
00:30:13,403 --> 00:30:14,984
It will burn and spread its poison
340
00:30:14,986 --> 00:30:17,695
until the entire continent is dead.
341
00:30:20,820 --> 00:30:23,150
Please escort Comrades
Bryukhanov and Fomin
342
00:30:23,152 --> 00:30:25,207
to the local party headquarters.
343
00:30:25,210 --> 00:30:27,192
- Thank you for your service.
- Comrade...
344
00:30:27,194 --> 00:30:28,569
You're excused.
345
00:30:29,478 --> 00:30:31,270
Dyatlov was in charge.
346
00:30:32,277 --> 00:30:34,234
It was Dyatlov!
347
00:30:34,236 --> 00:30:36,943
- Tell me how to put it out.
- We'll use helicopters.
348
00:30:36,945 --> 00:30:39,940
- We'll drop water on it like a forest fire.
- No, no. You don't understand.
349
00:30:39,942 --> 00:30:42,150
This isn't a fire.
350
00:30:42,152 --> 00:30:44,259
This is a fissioning reactor core
351
00:30:44,262 --> 00:30:46,442
burning at over 2,000 degrees.
352
00:30:46,444 --> 00:30:48,109
The heat will instantly
vaporize the water...
353
00:30:48,111 --> 00:30:51,277
How do we put it out?
354
00:30:52,486 --> 00:30:54,526
You are dealing with something
355
00:30:54,528 --> 00:30:58,986
that has never occurred
on this planet before.
356
00:31:00,945 --> 00:31:02,486
Boron.
357
00:31:03,861 --> 00:31:05,943
Boron and sand.
358
00:31:05,945 --> 00:31:08,651
Well, that'll create
problems of its own,
359
00:31:08,653 --> 00:31:10,818
but I-I don't see any other way.
360
00:31:10,820 --> 00:31:12,984
Of course, it's going to
take thousands of drops,
361
00:31:12,986 --> 00:31:15,651
because you can't fly the
helicopters directly over the core,
362
00:31:15,653 --> 00:31:17,109
so most of it is going to miss.
363
00:31:17,111 --> 00:31:19,514
- How much sand and boron?
- Well, I can't be...
364
00:31:19,517 --> 00:31:23,317
- For God's sake, roughly!
- Five thousand tons.
365
00:31:23,319 --> 00:31:26,275
And obviously, we're going to need
to evacuate an enormous area...
366
00:31:26,277 --> 00:31:28,275
Never mind that. Focus on the fire.
367
00:31:28,277 --> 00:31:31,109
I am focusing on the fire.
368
00:31:31,111 --> 00:31:35,317
The wind, it's carrying all that smoke,
369
00:31:35,319 --> 00:31:37,150
all that radiation.
370
00:31:37,152 --> 00:31:40,234
At least evacuate Pripyat.
It's three kilometers away.
371
00:31:40,236 --> 00:31:42,234
- That's my decision to make.
- Then make it.
372
00:31:42,236 --> 00:31:44,984
- I've been told not to.
- Is it or is not...
373
00:31:44,986 --> 00:31:46,859
I'm in charge here!
374
00:31:46,861 --> 00:31:48,609
This will go much
easier if you talk to me
375
00:31:48,611 --> 00:31:49,943
about the things you do understand
376
00:31:49,945 --> 00:31:52,695
and not about the things
you do not understand.
377
00:31:56,444 --> 00:31:58,025
Where are you going?
378
00:31:58,027 --> 00:32:01,861
I'm going to get
you 5,000 tons of sand and boron.
379
00:32:09,736 --> 00:32:11,861
There's a hotel.
380
00:33:07,653 --> 00:33:09,736
I'd prefer one of those.
381
00:33:17,778 --> 00:33:19,611
Superstitious?
382
00:33:28,444 --> 00:33:30,277
Moscow?
383
00:33:33,736 --> 00:33:36,111
Are you here because of the fire?
384
00:33:40,403 --> 00:33:42,945
Anything we should be worried about?
385
00:33:48,403 --> 00:33:49,986
No.
386
00:34:00,486 --> 00:34:01,986
Ah.
387
00:34:54,403 --> 00:34:57,069
We're in
position. Approaching drop.
388
00:34:58,194 --> 00:35:00,319
Clear to proceed.
389
00:35:01,695 --> 00:35:04,903
Copy. We'll go
one by one in rotation.
390
00:35:10,069 --> 00:35:12,194
Remind them about the perimeter.
391
00:35:15,695 --> 00:35:17,943
They cannot fly directly over the fire.
392
00:35:17,945 --> 00:35:20,234
A minimum of a ten-meter perimeter.
393
00:35:20,236 --> 00:35:21,734
Ten meter perimeter. Copy.
394
00:35:21,736 --> 00:35:23,359
Lead One, per pre-flight:
395
00:35:23,361 --> 00:35:26,150
maintain minimum ten-meter perimeter.
396
00:35:26,152 --> 00:35:27,317
Copy that.
397
00:35:27,319 --> 00:35:30,067
Forty meters... 35...
398
00:35:30,069 --> 00:35:31,401
30...
399
00:35:34,945 --> 00:35:37,234
No, no, no! They're too close!
400
00:35:37,236 --> 00:35:39,267
They can't get over the
fire. How are they supposed...
401
00:35:39,269 --> 00:35:41,067
The wind will have to carry it.
402
00:35:41,069 --> 00:35:43,945
Tell them, they cannot go over the core.
403
00:35:46,361 --> 00:35:47,693
Lead One is too close.
404
00:35:47,695 --> 00:35:49,569
I repeat, they are too close.
405
00:35:50,236 --> 00:35:52,150
Copy.
406
00:35:52,152 --> 00:35:55,067
Lead One, you are inside the perimeter.
407
00:35:55,069 --> 00:35:58,275
Did not copy.
Signal's breaking up.
408
00:36:00,695 --> 00:36:03,192
Lead One?
409
00:36:03,194 --> 00:36:04,859
Do you copy?
410
00:36:04,861 --> 00:36:06,859
Lead One, do you copy?
411
00:36:06,861 --> 00:36:09,067
Lead One, come in.
412
00:36:09,069 --> 00:36:10,943
Do you copy, Lead One?
413
00:36:10,945 --> 00:36:12,653
Lead One!
414
00:36:30,486 --> 00:36:33,152
Sir? What do I tell the others?
415
00:36:35,486 --> 00:36:37,442
Is there any other way, Legasov?
416
00:36:45,986 --> 00:36:47,861
Send the next one in.
417
00:36:49,277 --> 00:36:51,319
Tell them to approach from the west.
418
00:36:52,403 --> 00:36:55,528
Lead Two,
approach from the west.
419
00:37:16,319 --> 00:37:19,025
Kurchatov
Institute Laboratory Four.
420
00:37:19,027 --> 00:37:23,486
Marina Gruzinskaya,
it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk.
421
00:37:25,695 --> 00:37:28,359
Oh, yes, how nice of you to phone.
422
00:37:28,361 --> 00:37:30,359
- It's been too long.
- It has.
423
00:37:30,361 --> 00:37:33,025
I was actually calling about our friend.
424
00:37:33,027 --> 00:37:35,359
- You know, the one in the country.
- Oh, yes, of course.
425
00:37:35,361 --> 00:37:39,192
I wanted to see how he's doing.
It's so hot there right now.
426
00:37:39,194 --> 00:37:41,693
Yes, it's extremely hot,
427
00:37:41,695 --> 00:37:43,109
but his nephews are flying down,
428
00:37:43,111 --> 00:37:45,192
and they always bring cool weather.
429
00:37:45,194 --> 00:37:46,820
Oh? Which nephews?
430
00:37:47,569 --> 00:37:51,693
Simka, who's 14, and
little Boris, who's five.
431
00:37:51,695 --> 00:37:52,984
Well, that's wonderful.
432
00:37:52,986 --> 00:37:54,859
Though children can make you even hotter
433
00:37:54,861 --> 00:37:56,693
when they're crawling all over you.
434
00:37:56,695 --> 00:37:58,192
Maybe I should visit them.
435
00:37:58,194 --> 00:38:00,067
No, they don't want visitors.
436
00:38:00,069 --> 00:38:02,442
I'm sorry, um, I have
to get back to work.
437
00:38:02,444 --> 00:38:04,861
It's very busy right now. Goodbye.
438
00:38:07,695 --> 00:38:10,236
They're dropping sand
and boron on the fire.
439
00:38:11,236 --> 00:38:12,778
It's what I would do.
440
00:38:14,569 --> 00:38:16,277
Yes, I'm sure it is.
441
00:38:38,569 --> 00:38:40,236
Where are you going?
442
00:38:41,277 --> 00:38:42,736
Chernobyl.
443
00:38:50,277 --> 00:38:53,150
It's been smooth. Twenty drops.
444
00:38:59,111 --> 00:39:00,569
What?
445
00:39:03,403 --> 00:39:06,526
There are 50,000 people in this city.
446
00:39:06,528 --> 00:39:11,234
Professor Ilyin,
who's also on the commission,
447
00:39:11,236 --> 00:39:14,192
says the radiation isn't
high enough to evacuate.
448
00:39:14,194 --> 00:39:15,943
Ilyin isn't a physicist.
449
00:39:15,945 --> 00:39:19,025
Well, he's a medical doctor.
If he says it's safe, it's safe.
450
00:39:19,027 --> 00:39:21,567
- Not if they stay here.
- We're staying here.
451
00:39:21,569 --> 00:39:26,067
Yes, we are, and we'll
be dead in five years.
452
00:39:33,945 --> 00:39:36,484
I'm sorry, I...
453
00:39:36,486 --> 00:39:38,027
I'm sorry.
454
00:40:16,329 --> 00:40:17,736
Shcherbina.
455
00:40:29,194 --> 00:40:30,528
Thank you.
456
00:40:36,694 --> 00:40:40,650
A nuclear plant in Sweden
has detected radiation
457
00:40:40,653 --> 00:40:43,736
and identified it as a
byproduct of our fuel.
458
00:40:44,861 --> 00:40:47,528
The Americans took satellite photos.
459
00:40:48,486 --> 00:40:51,859
The reactor building,
the smoke, the fire.
460
00:40:54,486 --> 00:40:56,403
The whole world knows.
461
00:41:02,986 --> 00:41:05,569
The wind has been
blowing toward Germany.
462
00:41:06,986 --> 00:41:09,569
They're not letting
children play outside...
463
00:41:11,444 --> 00:41:13,027
in Frankfurt.
464
00:41:24,653 --> 00:41:26,528
Want a smoke?
465
00:41:41,723 --> 00:41:44,609
There has been a
nuclear accident in the Soviet Union
466
00:41:44,611 --> 00:41:46,442
and the Soviets have
admitted that it happened.
467
00:41:46,444 --> 00:41:48,067
The Soviet version is this:
468
00:41:48,069 --> 00:41:49,567
One of the atomic reactors
469
00:41:49,569 --> 00:41:52,234
at the Chernobyl Atomic Power
Plant near the city of Kiev
470
00:41:52,236 --> 00:41:54,901
was damaged, and there
is speculation in Moscow
471
00:41:54,903 --> 00:41:57,192
that people were injured
and may have died.
472
00:41:57,194 --> 00:42:00,401
The Soviets may have been fairly
quick to acknowledge the accident
473
00:42:00,403 --> 00:42:03,776
because evidence in the form
of mild nuclear radiation
474
00:42:03,778 --> 00:42:07,820
had already reached beyond the
Soviet borders to Scandinavia.
475
00:46:22,444 --> 00:46:24,943
I said turn around. This
is a restricted zone.
476
00:46:24,945 --> 00:46:27,743
I'm from the Byelorussian
Institute for Nuclear Energy.
477
00:46:27,746 --> 00:46:29,401
Do you have permission?
478
00:46:29,403 --> 00:46:31,734
Listen to me, I need to
speak to someone urgently.
479
00:46:31,736 --> 00:46:34,192
Turn around right now,
or I'll arrest you.
480
00:46:34,194 --> 00:46:36,025
If you arrest me, you should take me
481
00:46:36,027 --> 00:46:38,236
to the highest possible authority.
482
00:46:42,736 --> 00:46:45,359
We have to start
a radiological survey.
483
00:46:45,361 --> 00:46:49,569
Sector by sector, on
foot, dosimeters in hand.
484
00:46:51,194 --> 00:46:52,945
Are you all right?
485
00:46:55,569 --> 00:46:56,903
Of course.
486
00:46:58,111 --> 00:46:59,526
Comrades...
487
00:46:59,528 --> 00:47:02,234
The guards arrested this
woman at the south checkpoint.
488
00:47:02,236 --> 00:47:06,567
- I'd have put her in a cell...
- But he thought you should know that I know.
489
00:47:06,569 --> 00:47:08,647
I know that your
reactor core is exposed.
490
00:47:08,650 --> 00:47:11,442
I know the graphite is on
fire, the fuel is melting,
491
00:47:11,444 --> 00:47:13,442
and you're dropping
sand and boron on it,
492
00:47:13,444 --> 00:47:16,776
which you probably thought was
smart, but you've made a mistake.
493
00:47:16,778 --> 00:47:19,943
Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk, Chief Physicist,
494
00:47:19,945 --> 00:47:22,317
Byelorussian Institute
for Nuclear Energy.
495
00:47:22,319 --> 00:47:25,651
And you are Valery Alexeyevich Legasov?
496
00:47:25,653 --> 00:47:28,275
Smothering the core
will put the fire out,
497
00:47:28,277 --> 00:47:31,150
but the temperature will
eventually increase...
498
00:47:31,152 --> 00:47:32,776
Believe me,
I'm perfectly aware.
499
00:47:32,778 --> 00:47:34,901
But I estimate at least a month
500
00:47:34,903 --> 00:47:36,901
before it melts through
the lower concrete pad,
501
00:47:36,903 --> 00:47:38,901
- which gives us time...
- No, you don't have a month.
502
00:47:38,903 --> 00:47:40,611
You have approximately two days.
503
00:47:41,528 --> 00:47:44,818
Yes, the fuel would take a month
504
00:47:44,820 --> 00:47:46,943
to reach the concrete pad here.
505
00:47:46,945 --> 00:47:50,526
But first... it's going to burn through
506
00:47:50,528 --> 00:47:52,984
the biological shield here by Tuesday.
507
00:47:52,986 --> 00:47:56,067
And when it does, it's
going to hit these tanks...
508
00:47:56,069 --> 00:47:57,442
bubbler pools, reservoirs...
509
00:47:57,444 --> 00:48:00,693
Reservoirs for the ECS.
I understand your concern,
510
00:48:00,695 --> 00:48:02,693
but I confirmed it with plant personnel.
511
00:48:02,695 --> 00:48:06,359
- The tanks are nearly empty.
- No, they were nearly empty.
512
00:48:06,361 --> 00:48:09,901
Each of these points
here, here, and here
513
00:48:09,903 --> 00:48:11,984
all drain to the bubbler pools.
514
00:48:11,986 --> 00:48:14,609
I'm guessing that every pipe
in the building ruptured.
515
00:48:14,611 --> 00:48:17,651
And then there are those fire
engines that I saw on the way in.
516
00:48:17,653 --> 00:48:19,859
The fire hoses are still connected.
517
00:48:19,861 --> 00:48:22,984
They've been gushing water into
the structure this whole time.
518
00:48:22,986 --> 00:48:24,945
The tanks are full.
519
00:48:26,945 --> 00:48:29,486
The tanks are full.
520
00:48:32,277 --> 00:48:35,011
_
521
00:48:35,014 --> 00:48:39,625
_
522
00:48:39,628 --> 00:48:42,909
_
523
00:48:42,912 --> 00:48:46,659
_
524
00:48:46,662 --> 00:48:49,370
_
525
00:48:49,373 --> 00:48:52,132
_
526
00:49:08,486 --> 00:49:12,859
I have ten minutes, then
I'm back on the phone
527
00:49:12,861 --> 00:49:15,859
apologizing to our friends,
528
00:49:15,861 --> 00:49:19,109
apologizing to our enemies.
529
00:49:19,111 --> 00:49:22,526
Our power comes from the
perception of our power.
530
00:49:22,528 --> 00:49:26,234
Do you understand the
damage this has done?
531
00:49:26,236 --> 00:49:29,444
Do you understand what's at stake?
532
00:49:31,069 --> 00:49:32,403
Boris.
533
00:49:34,486 --> 00:49:38,903
Professor Legasov will
deliver our briefing.
534
00:49:40,569 --> 00:49:42,150
There is some good news.
535
00:49:42,152 --> 00:49:44,901
The air drops are
working to douse the fire.
536
00:49:44,903 --> 00:49:48,734
There's been a reduction
in radionuclide emissions,
537
00:49:48,736 --> 00:49:50,651
but the fire will not be extinguished
538
00:49:50,653 --> 00:49:53,528
for at least another two weeks.
539
00:49:55,444 --> 00:49:58,444
There is also an additional problem.
540
00:49:59,986 --> 00:50:01,818
Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold
541
00:50:01,820 --> 00:50:04,567
simply because it is not on fire.
542
00:50:04,569 --> 00:50:06,275
In fact, the temperature
will likely rise
543
00:50:06,277 --> 00:50:09,067
as a result of the blanket
of sand we've dropped.
544
00:50:09,069 --> 00:50:11,943
The uranium will melt the sand,
545
00:50:11,945 --> 00:50:13,734
creating a kind of lava
546
00:50:13,736 --> 00:50:17,109
which will begin to melt
down through the shield below.
547
00:50:17,111 --> 00:50:18,653
You have made lava?
548
00:50:21,319 --> 00:50:23,444
I anticipated this.
549
00:50:24,945 --> 00:50:27,317
I believed there was time to reinforce
550
00:50:27,319 --> 00:50:29,442
this lower concrete pad
551
00:50:29,444 --> 00:50:30,984
before the lava reached the earth
552
00:50:30,986 --> 00:50:32,609
and contaminated the groundwater.
553
00:50:32,611 --> 00:50:35,776
But as it turned out, I was
worried about the wrong thing.
554
00:50:35,778 --> 00:50:37,734
Uh, um...
555
00:50:37,736 --> 00:50:41,401
It was my understanding
that these large water tanks
556
00:50:41,403 --> 00:50:44,067
under the reactor
were essentially empty.
557
00:50:44,069 --> 00:50:47,234
This is Ulana Khomyuk of
the Byelorussian Institute.
558
00:50:47,236 --> 00:50:49,609
Thanks to her insight, we are now aware
559
00:50:49,611 --> 00:50:52,984
that the tanks are, in fact, full.
560
00:50:52,986 --> 00:50:56,861
Of water. Why is that
a problem, professor?
561
00:51:01,152 --> 00:51:02,901
When the lava enters these tanks,
562
00:51:02,903 --> 00:51:05,631
it will instantly superheat and vaporize
563
00:51:05,634 --> 00:51:09,067
approximately 7,000
cubic meters of water,
564
00:51:09,069 --> 00:51:12,651
causing a significant thermal explosion.
565
00:51:12,653 --> 00:51:14,693
How significant?
566
00:51:14,695 --> 00:51:18,651
We estimate between
two and four megatons.
567
00:51:18,653 --> 00:51:22,025
Everything within a 30-kilometer radius
568
00:51:22,027 --> 00:51:23,776
will be completely destroyed,
569
00:51:23,778 --> 00:51:27,192
including the three remaining
reactors at Chernobyl.
570
00:51:27,194 --> 00:51:30,776
The entirety of the radioactive
material in all of the cores
571
00:51:30,778 --> 00:51:33,943
will be ejected at force
572
00:51:33,945 --> 00:51:37,067
and dispersed by a massive shock wave,
573
00:51:37,069 --> 00:51:42,359
which will extend
approximately 200 kilometers
574
00:51:42,361 --> 00:51:45,734
and likely be fatal to the
entire population of Kiev
575
00:51:45,736 --> 00:51:47,859
as well as a portion of Minsk.
576
00:51:47,861 --> 00:51:50,859
The release of radiation will be severe
577
00:51:50,861 --> 00:51:54,192
and will impact all of Soviet Ukraine,
578
00:51:54,194 --> 00:51:57,901
Latvia, Lithuania, Byelorussia,
579
00:51:57,903 --> 00:52:01,234
as well as Poland,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
580
00:52:01,236 --> 00:52:03,903
Romania, and most of East Germany.
581
00:52:07,569 --> 00:52:10,444
What do you mean "impact"?
582
00:52:11,236 --> 00:52:13,859
For much of the area, a
nearly permanent disruption
583
00:52:13,861 --> 00:52:16,484
of the food and water supply,
584
00:52:16,486 --> 00:52:19,567
a steep increase in the rates
of cancer and birth defects.
585
00:52:19,569 --> 00:52:23,109
I don't know how many deaths
there will be, but many.
586
00:52:23,111 --> 00:52:25,067
For Byelorussia and the Ukraine,
587
00:52:25,069 --> 00:52:27,484
"impact" means completely uninhabitable
588
00:52:27,486 --> 00:52:30,903
for a minimum of 100 years.
589
00:52:34,736 --> 00:52:38,234
There are more than 50 million people
590
00:52:38,236 --> 00:52:41,067
living in Byelorussia and Ukraine.
591
00:52:41,069 --> 00:52:42,903
Sixty, yes.
592
00:52:47,277 --> 00:52:49,109
And how long before this happens?
593
00:52:49,111 --> 00:52:52,986
Approximately 48 to 72 hours.
594
00:52:56,444 --> 00:52:58,943
But we may have a solution.
595
00:52:58,945 --> 00:53:00,818
We can pump the water from the tanks.
596
00:53:00,820 --> 00:53:04,317
Unfortunately, the tanks are
sealed shut by a sluice gate,
597
00:53:04,319 --> 00:53:06,526
and the gate can only be opened manually
598
00:53:06,528 --> 00:53:08,150
from within the duct system itself.
599
00:53:08,152 --> 00:53:11,401
So we need to find three plant workers
600
00:53:11,403 --> 00:53:13,067
who know the facility well enough
601
00:53:13,069 --> 00:53:14,776
to enter the basement here,
602
00:53:14,778 --> 00:53:19,109
find their way through
all these duct ways,
603
00:53:19,111 --> 00:53:21,275
get to the sluice gate valve here,
604
00:53:21,277 --> 00:53:25,818
and give us the access we
need to pump out the tanks.
605
00:53:25,820 --> 00:53:28,651
Of course, we will need your permission.
606
00:53:28,653 --> 00:53:30,776
My permission for what?
607
00:53:30,778 --> 00:53:33,317
Uh, the water in these ducts,
608
00:53:33,319 --> 00:53:36,234
the level of radioactive
contamination...
609
00:53:36,236 --> 00:53:38,653
They'll likely be dead in a week.
610
00:53:40,403 --> 00:53:44,152
We're asking for your
permission to kill three men.
611
00:53:52,319 --> 00:53:53,776
Well...
612
00:53:53,778 --> 00:53:56,442
Comrade Legasov...
613
00:53:56,444 --> 00:54:00,194
all victories
inevitably come at a cost.
614
00:55:25,319 --> 00:55:29,234
And open the
sluice gate valve... here.
615
00:55:29,236 --> 00:55:31,317
The valve will be difficult to operate,
616
00:55:31,319 --> 00:55:33,234
so we'll need three men
617
00:55:33,236 --> 00:55:36,859
who will need to know
the basement layout.
618
00:55:36,861 --> 00:55:40,901
And, of course, any
volunteers will be rewarded.
619
00:55:40,903 --> 00:55:45,319
A yearly stipend of 400 rubles.
620
00:55:51,403 --> 00:55:56,442
And, uh, for those of you working
in reactors one and two, promotions.
621
00:55:56,444 --> 00:56:00,275
Why are reactors one and
two still operating at all?
622
00:56:00,277 --> 00:56:02,442
My friend was a security
guard that night,
623
00:56:02,444 --> 00:56:04,109
and, uh, she's now dying.
624
00:56:04,111 --> 00:56:06,818
And we've all heard about the firemen.
625
00:56:06,820 --> 00:56:10,820
And now you want us to swim
underneath a burning reactor?
626
00:56:11,611 --> 00:56:13,818
Do you even know how contaminated it is?
627
00:56:15,820 --> 00:56:17,776
I... I don't have an exact number.
628
00:56:17,778 --> 00:56:20,653
You don't need an exact number
to know if it'll kill us.
629
00:56:20,656 --> 00:56:22,573
But you can't even tell us that.
630
00:56:24,486 --> 00:56:26,984
Why should we do this?
For what, 400 rubles?
631
00:56:30,444 --> 00:56:33,194
You'll do it because it must be done.
632
00:56:37,778 --> 00:56:41,152
You'll do it because nobody else can.
633
00:56:43,486 --> 00:56:47,152
And if you don't, millions will die.
634
00:56:48,319 --> 00:56:51,277
If you tell me that's not
enough, I won't believe you.
635
00:56:52,486 --> 00:56:56,651
This is what has always
set our people apart.
636
00:56:56,653 --> 00:56:59,861
A thousand years of
sacrifice in our veins.
637
00:57:00,695 --> 00:57:03,486
And every generation must
know its own suffering.
638
00:57:04,528 --> 00:57:07,359
I spit on the people who did this,
639
00:57:07,361 --> 00:57:09,986
and I curse the price I have to pay.
640
00:57:12,111 --> 00:57:14,609
But I'm making my peace with it,
641
00:57:14,611 --> 00:57:16,442
and now you make yours.
642
00:57:16,444 --> 00:57:19,194
And go into that water.
643
00:57:21,277 --> 00:57:23,025
Because it must be done.
644
00:57:40,194 --> 00:57:41,736
Ananenko.
645
00:57:46,069 --> 00:57:47,569
Bezpalov.
646
00:57:52,533 --> 00:57:54,366
Baranov.
647
01:03:06,452 --> 01:03:12,787
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